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MR Spectroscopy Case Study
Anaplastic Astrocytoma - grade 2

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Prepared by Greg Brown    Royal Adelaide Hospital North Terrace Adelaide South Australia 5000
March 2nd 2001
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Images and Spectra obtained on a Siemens VISION 1.5T using Numairs VB33E software.  Images and Spectra converted to JPEG files using eFilm.


Presentation Imaging MRS Technique MRS Results Histopathology Discussion


Presentation
(AT) M23 3 year history of paranoid psychosis. cerebral lesions followed on serial CT and MRI scans.


Imaging
 
CT 9/97 Two focal hypodense lesions in the left cerebral hemisphere (temporal and parietal).  Contrast used but no comment on enhancement or oedema
MRI 10/97 Multiple high signal lesions in both cerebral hemispheres (right frontal, both temporal lobes) ? drug induced vasculitis
MRI 7/98 Lesion increasing in size and continuity.  Some mass effect. Appearances suggest multifocal glioma.
MRI 11/98 patient deteriorating.  lesions in left basal ganglia and left frontal lobe increasing. No significant contrast enhancement.
MRI August 99
& December 99
showed no change in lesions and gave no definitive diagnosis
MRI 25/8/2000 Mild progression since last exam. Cortical and white matter changes in frontal lobe and insular cortex. Cystic components with minor mass effect.  "Spectroscopy performed on the left temporal lobe. This demonstrates a reduction in NAA and an increase in Choline consistent with infiltrating neoplasm."


MRS Technique
SVS SE135 8cc voxel of anterior Right temporal lobe lesion.


MRS Results
SVS SE135 astrocytoma Large water signal and poor automatic phasing, but the spectral resolution of Cho and Cr is adequate and the options available in Siemens MRS allowed for a good spectrum.
Obviously increased Choline and reduced NAA with no Lactate.
 
Cho Cr NAA Lactate Lipid Cho/Cr NAA/Cr NAA/Cho Cr/Cho
37.51 21.84 4.89 no no 1.72 0.22 0.13 0.58


Histopathology
Brain biopsy 3011/00.  Anaplastic Astrocytoma intermediate grade Tier grade 2, St Anne-Mayo grade 3
Biopsy samples from the edge of the right temporal lobe lesion. The tumour cells have small dense mildly pleomorphic nuclei.  No evidence of necrosis



Discussion
After 3 years of confusion the MRS established a diagnosis of malignant tumour with sufficient strength to demand biopsy.  The patient underwent radiotherapy.
The case illustrates the use of MRS in a problem solving role. While the radiological interpretations expressed any doubt, active intervention was not pursued in this patient with a strong psychiatric presentation and overlying drug and alcohol abuse.
The spectral results match the histopathology but could not identify or grade the tumour on our evaluation.